Originally posted by Palynka
So true. Because of this, I'll just go with one of my favourites from Bosch (although my choice could change depending on the day)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_of_Earthly_Delights
The right side panel of Hell pre-dated Surrealism by 400 years. Pretty impressive.
The focus on the 'pains of Hell' really took off in the few centuries before Bosch. Although
he captures it in the most dramatic fashion, there is a lot of similar stuff (though not as surreal,
as you say) as early as three hundred years before. The invention and refinement of the doctrine
of Purgatory and the subsequent money-making sale of indulgences as a reprieve for sins made
such artwork a very effective marketing ploy for the Church.
You can find a myriad of illuminations in 12th-century Church manuscripts with scary monsters
swallowing (evil) souls and the transfigured bodies of the 'saved' floating up to heaven. They
are also quite beautiful (though far cruder and less ornate than Bosch).
Nemesio