The Benoni Defence arises after 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5. ECO code: A56.

Overview

The Benoni Defence is a dynamic opening where Black immediately challenges White's d4-pawn. The name comes from the Hebrew "ben oni" meaning "son of my sorrow," from Aaron Reinganum's 1825 book.

Main Lines

After 3.d5 (the main move), the Modern Benoni arises—a sharp, asymmetrical opening:

• 3...e6 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 – The Modern Benoni main line, with fierce tactical battles.

• 3...b5 – The Benko Gambit, sacrificing a pawn for queenside pressure.

Strategic Themes & Plans

In the Modern Benoni, White has a queenside pawn majority and space advantage; Black has a kingside majority and open c-file. Black seeks counterplay with ...b5 or kingside attacks with ...f5, while White advances on the queenside with a4, b4, and aims to pass the c-pawn. The opening requires precise play from both sides and is a favourite of aggressive players.