Cardinal John O’Connor stated about the Trinity: “We know that it is a very profound mystery, which we don’t begin to understand.”
Some things that are profound mysteries also can be experienced and enjoyed.
When I saw my first child BORN I thought "What a profound mystery. This is like a miracle."
People can experience what to explain fully is profoundly mysterious.
So it is with the Triune God.
The Encyclopædia Britannica states: “Neither the word Trinity nor the explicit doctrine appears in the New Testament . . . The doctrine developed gradually over several centuries and through many controversies.”
The word "trinity" is nowhere in the Bible.
What
IS in the Bible is that -
The
Father is God - ie.
" ... the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ" (Eph. 1:3)
The
Son is God - ie
" But of the Son, Your throne, O God, is forever and ever." (Heb. 1:8)
The
Holy Spirit is God - ie.
" ... why has Satan filled your heart to deceive the Holy Spirit ... ? ... You have not lied to men but to God." (See Acts 5:3,4)
The impression could arise that the Trinitarian dogma is in the last analysis a late 4th-century invention.
The three passages above,
Eph. 1:3; Heb. 1:8; and Acts 5:3,4 were written in the Greek New Testament hundreds of years before the 4th Century AD.
In a sense, this is true . . . The formulation ‘one God in three Persons’ was not solidly established, certainly not fully assimilated into Christian life and its profession of faith, prior to the end of the 4th century.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia (1967), Volume 14, page 299.
The facts of Scripture that God was Father, Son, Holy Spirit was there in the Greek New Testament. The first usage of the extrabiblical term "Trinity" that appears to historians was written by Theophilus of Antioch (A.D. 115-188).
Theophilus to Antolycus Book II, 15 [in a commentary on Genesis 1:1-13]
"In like manner also the three days which were before the luminaries are types of the Trinity, of God and His Word, and His Wisdom."
That is the earliest occurence I think we know about the use of the word "trinity".
“The Council of Nicaea met on May 20, 325 [C.E.].
The Scriptural fact that the
Father is God, the
Son is God, and the
Holy Spirit is God was written before 325 C.E. in the books of
Ephesians, Hebrews, and Acts.
Constantine himself presided, actively guiding the discussions, and personally proposed . . . the crucial formula expressing the relation of Christ to God in the creed issued by the council, ‘of one substance with the Father.’
It doesn't matter who presided, what a character he was, or what creed was developed.
The New Testament teaches God is the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
Ephesians, Hebrews, and Acts were inspired and penned down before Constantine was born.
Whether Constantine was a scoundrel or a political opportunist only interested in peace in his kingdom or an astute theologian makes no difference to the fact that the New Testament revealed the Father - Son - Holy Spirit were called God.
. . . Overawed by the emperor, the bishops, with two exceptions only, signed the creed, many of them much against their inclination.”—Encyclopædia Britannica (1970), Volume 6, page 386.
Scripture transcends creeds.
Creeds can be helpful.
Creeds are not necessarily wrong.
But creeds can only be some guidelines and actually be incomplete.
In
Romans 8 Paul uses interchangeably these titles to describe the indwelling life of God dispensed into the Christians.
the Spirit of God ( 8:9a)
the Spirit of Christ (8:9b)
Christ (8:10)
the Spirit of the One who raised Jesus from the dead (8:11)
Paul is speaking of the experiencial enjoyment of the Christians. He is not outlining a systematic creed. But he is moving seamlessly from one title to another indicating that the One God Who has come to indwell the Christians is -
The Spirit of God who is the Spirit of Christ who is Christ who is the Spirit of the One who raised Jesus from the dead.
This is "shop talk" of the Apostle Paul and the Christians in Rome. Constantine is not even a twinkle in his mamma's eye at this point. He hadn't been born, neither any of the bishops of church leaders who were at Nicea.
None of them yet existed. And the Apostle Paul says in practically one breath -
"Within you Christians is the Spirit of God Who is Christ and is also the Spirit of the One who raised Jesus from the dead."
That some brothers under attack latter came along and coined the word "Trinity" is understandable. And of itself it is not wrong to use the term. As Paul stressed the
experience of the three-one God in
Romans 8 so should Christians emphasize the
experience of the Trinity.
Abuses of the word "Trinity" do not make the basically wrong in and of itself.
Abuses of the phrase "Heaven" neither make heaven wrong to believe in.
The term "Afterlife" also is extrabiblical. And I don't use it.
The term "Substitution" is extrabiblical. And I would and DO use it. It is useful.
The term "Triune God" is extrabiblical. But I use it as many saints down through the centuries.
There is far, far more biblical support for the Father - Son - Holy Spirit being God to the church than there is for Charles Russell's heretical dream that Jesus was Micheal the archangel.
The New Bible Dictionary: “The term ‘Trinity’ is not itself found in the Bible.
But that God is Father and Son and Holy Spirit IS in the Bible.
It was first used by Tertullian at the close of the 2nd century, but received wide currency [common use in intellectual discussion] and formal elucidation [clarification] only in the 4th and 5th centuries” (1996, “Trinity”.
My source
"The Testimony of Church History Regarding the Mystery of the Triune God" by the late Bill Freeman, informs me that the term was first noticed being used by Theophilus of Antioch.
When was the first writing showing Jesus was Michael the angel ?
Also: “the formal doctrine of the Trinity was the result of several inadequate attempts to explain who and what the Christian God really is
In Paul's "shop talk" to the Christians in Rome, he is less concerned with systematic theology than with them REALIZING that within them who are regenerated is God -
"The Spirit of God" Who is also "The Spirit of Christ" Who is also "Christ [Himself]" Who is also "The Spirit of the One who raised Jesus from the dead".
That is the indwelling of the mysterious Triune God.