As an early competitor, he won the Championship of Israel for two years running (2001 and 2002). He participated in the Chess Olympiad in 2004 and won the World Junior Chess Championship silver medal in the U14 category in 1997. Educated in the United States, he completed a B.S. in Economics and Mathematics at University of Maryland, College Park, before completing a PhD in Economics at the University of Pennsylvania in 2016.
Erenburg has had success in various tournaments, including winning the Championship of Ukraine in 2005, the Championship of Philadelphia four times from 2006–09, the Arctic Chess Challenge in Tromsø in 2009, and the Southwest Class Championship in 2012. In 2014 and 2015, he competed in the U.S. Chess Championship ending in 12th and 11th places.