Anatoly Yakovlevich Machulsky (April 12, 1929 – April 11, 2010) was a Russian chess player who held the title of International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster (ICCGM). He was born in Moscow, Russia. Machulsky began his chess career in regional competitions. He achieved his ICCGM title in 1983, recognized by the International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF).
Machulsky achieved significant success in correspondence chess. In 1974, he finished first in the championship of the Armed Forces of the USSR. He also came out 1st to 3rd in many international tournaments. He performed well in a number of the World Championship cycles. Machulsky played in three finals of this tournament, where in the 5th World Championship he finished in the third place. In the 6th and 9th World Championships, he took 6th and 8th places respectively.
Machulsky made significant contributions to chess theory. His significant contribution to developing the chess opening theory especially in the Sicilian Defence is well recognized. His theoretical articles were published in leading chess publications.
Other than being a professional chess player, Machulsky was also a mathematician, specializing in probability theory. He has published several papers on mathematics and was interested in the mathematics of games and gambling. He died on April 11, 2010, in Moscow at the age of 80.