What is Forsyth Edwards Notation?

Forsyth-Edwards Notation, often abbreviated as FEN, is a standard notation for describing a particular board position of a chess game. It is designed to provide all the necessary information to restart a game from a specific point. This notation records the placement of pieces on the board, the active color, the castling rights, the en passant square, the number of half-turns since the last pawn move or capture, and the number of full moves within the game. It serves as a critical tool in recording, analyzing, and continuing chess games.