The English Opening is perfectly fine of course but I think the long winded goals of the opening and development may be less suited to beginner players. Learning to instigate and defend direct attacks on the king come first.

King-side development is complete along the lines of the chosen system and Black makes a direct challenge in the centre as well as allowing the light squared bishop access to the game. Other moves are possible - c5 or d6 and e5 with different objectives in mind.

Black plays this to increase grip on the central dark squares, and so as to develop the queen knight behind the pawn. Black has a queenside pawn majority which is a small advantage in an endgame as he can make an outside passed pawn. White needs to increase his central influence.

? Tactical error that loses a pawn and the exchange (rook for bishop). The b pawn had a function of protecting the knight on c3 and that protection has been removed. The line against the rook on a1 has also been opened. I was taught that it is strategically suspect to fianchetto both bishops due to the loss of time and potential second rank weakness. There are cases where it is OK but they are few and far between, and require a specific understanding of the positions involved.

Black takes the pawn. If now Rb1 then Bf5 wins the exchange.

A concession that gives black the d file. Ba3 or Be3 looks more combative.

White has two bishops and a lead in development and could argue black is now weaker on the dark squares. However the rook is in the corner and the d file is under Black control. White needs to try and seize the initiative by attacking.

? Poor. Purely defensive in stopping Nd4. Black is unlikely to play this until he has developed his bishop and moved the rook off a8 because of the weakness of the h1/a8 diagonal. Nd4 Nxd4 Rxd4 and the bishop can't move because of the b pawn under threat. The b pawn can't move because the rook could be taken by the g2 bishop and the f4 bishop stops Rb8. 13.e3 just hems in the f4 bishop. Black now has a plan in that he can play Kg7 f6 and e5 to win the bishop for a pawn and remove its pressure on b8.

?? Tactical error. I don't know why but pawn forks are often the last type of fork/skewer tactic that people learn to see.

? Strategy Error. When material down, in this case a rook, every exchange helps increase the influence of the opponent's extra material. Secondly in an opening that has as it's basis control of the central light squares the removal of the light squared bishop which defends those squares in the centre and king-side is highly inconsistent. A quick look round will show that Black has just the piece to exploit this. Blacks doubled pawn is irrelevant as the extra material and weak light squares count for so much more. White is utterly lost. Black can start thinking of mating attacks involving bxc6 17.Nf3 h6 18.Ne5 Rd6 19.Rc1 Bh3 and if 20.Rxc5 Rd1 mate.