Originally posted by howardbradley
The L'Hospital's Rule that I know goes something like this:
lim f(x)/g(x) = lim f'(x)/g'(x) where f'(x) is the first derivative wrt x
So for your first example f(x) = x^2 and g(x) = x
Therefore f'(x) = 2x and g'(x) = 1
And the limit would be 2x/1 = 2x (!= 2 unless x = 1)
Well, you don't exactly need l'Hopital's rule to see
x^2/x = x
tends to infinity as x tends to infinity!
Besides all this talk of
infinity/infinity
and
something/0
is nonsense. "Infinity" is not a real number so you cannot do arbitrary operations on it. Similarly the set of real numbers form something called a field, and in a field division by zero cannot be done.
So the operations above don't exist, let alone have an answer.
If you really want to start talking about "infinity" and doing operations on "infinity" then you need to learn some set theory and start doing ordinal arithmetic or something. There you really can talk about "infinity + 1".
Search "set theory" or "ordinal arithmetic" in Wikipedia.
The approach above, like in
f(x) / g(x)
where f(x) and g(x) tend to infinity as x tends to infinity, is perfectly fine. But it has nothing to do with the spurious supposed quantity
infinity / infinity.
Instead it is merely some (separate) question in mathematical analysis to work out the answer to the limit of f(x)/g(x) as x tends to infinity.
I should finally point out that a phrase such as "x tends to infinity" does not mean "some quantity x gets closer to some other quantity infinity". Instead the *whole* phrase has a precise mathematical meaning that is quite different. (So don't analyse it using normal English).