Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicted that a certain comet would be passing very close to the sun. Naturally, they assumed that when it entered the sun's corona, it would burn away. But to their astonishment, shortly after the comet entered that huge, burning corona, it reappeared out the other side unchanged, and continued on its course.
Despite many similar paradoxical and unexplainable occurrences, the majority of orthodox scientists still believe the assumption that the sun is hot; however, there is a minority of scientists, including some very famous people such as Herschel, who have a different opinion.
This handful of thinkers believe that the sun is not hot at all! In fact, that it radiates no thermal heat. How could this possibly be?
They believe that this huge energy ball is to compare with an aura; that is, composed of very powerful energy, but not in the form of heat, much like our own individual auras. As this huge solar aura shoots out streams of ionized particles, or "plasmic" energy, the so called "solar wind", this stream comes in contact with the field of energy that our own Earth' rotation throws out.
As this solar energy stream collides with our own atmospheric energy, that collision produces heat through friction. So, although here on Earth's surface we feel as if the sun is generating heat, that heat is
actually being created within the Earth's own atmosphere. (This means that the further we move away from the Earth's atmosphere the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
Originally posted by arrakisIsn't that Herschel from the XVIIIth century?
Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicted that a certain comet would be passing very close to the sun. Naturally, they assumed that when it entered the sun's c ...[text shortened]... ay from the Earth's atmosphere the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
Originally posted by arrakisNice.
They believe that this huge energy ball is to compare with an aura; that is, composed of very powerful energy, but not in the form of heat, much like our own individual auras.
But doesn't each individual give off heat? Or what else do you mean by aura?
And although I can follow the logic of this theory, I tend to find this one more plausible to explain why it becomes colder when you move away from earth:
http://lbs.hh.schule.de/klima/experimente/abb2.gif
mind you, only the left (yellow) part is of relevance right now... we had this in physics (yes I dropped physics... but that doesn't mean I don't understand the main points). It actually gets more complicated than this diagram, but I couldn't find the one I was looking for. Basically, the atmosphere traps part of the heat, so that less heat is emmited from earth than it recieves, which would mean that as soon as you move away from the atmosphere, it would get colder.
I had another "brilliant" argument against your thesis... but as I was typing it, I realized there was a logical error in it 😕
Oh well, but I like the idea... and I like the idea for the thread as well 😀
In San Joaquin Valley, Cows Pass Cars as Polluters
Air district says bovines on the region's booming dairy farms are
the biggest single source of smog-forming gases. The industry
takes issue.
By Miguel Bustillo
LA Times Staff Writer
August 2, 2005
Got smog?
California's San Joaquin Valley for some time has had the dirtiest air
in the country. Monday, officials said gases from ruminating dairy
cows, not exhaust from cars, are the region's biggest single source of
a chief smog-forming pollutant.
Every year, the average dairy cow produces 19.3 pounds of gases,
called volatile organic compounds, the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution
Control District said. Those gases react with other pollutants to form
ground-level ozone, or smog.
With 2.5 million dairy cows, roughly one of every five in the country,
emissions of almost 20 pounds per cow mean that cattle in
the San Joaquin Valley produce more organic compounds than are
generated by either cars or trucks or pesticides, the air district said.
The finding will serve as the basis for strict air-quality regulations on
the region's booming dairy industry.
The San Joaquin Valley, Houston and Los Angeles have the three
worst air-pollution problems in America. Their relative rank varies from
year to year depending in part on weather conditions. Over the last
six years, however, the San Joaquin Valley has violated the federal
limit on ozone smog over an eight-hour period more than any other
region. That "eight-hour standard" is the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's main barometer for the severity of smog.
The dairy industry will be forced to invest millions of dollars in expensive
pollution-control technology in feedlots and waste lagoons, and may
even have to consider altering animals' diets to meet the region's
planned air-quality regulations. Not surprisingly, industry officials
challenged the estimate as scientifically unsound.
"Science is supposed to guide this regulation, not fairy dust," said
Michael Marsh, chief executive officer of Western United Dairymen, a
lobbying group that said it was considering a lawsuit to block
regulations based on the new finding. "It's impossible to capture
emissions that scientists can't even detect."
Air-quality regulators defended their estimate as a conservative one
based on the best available research. But it was criticized by some
scientists, including one whose work was used by the district to arrive at the figure.
"If you closed all the dairies in California tomorrow, you would not see
much of an impact on ozone formation," said the scientist, Frank
Mitloehner of UC Davis, who was hired by air-quality officials to study
cow emissions and now contends his findings were misconstrued.
"We really don't have the science to back this number up," he said.
Five members of Congress and 12 state legislators had demanded
that the district reconsider a similar draft estimate, calling it absurdly
high. Environmentalists and some community groups, meanwhile,
called the same figure too low.
The entire exercise of estimating cow emissions has been lampooned
on talk radio as "fart science" run amok, although most gas actually
comes from the front end of the cow.
"I'd like to challenge the people that came up with this information to
enclose yourself in a shop with a cow, and at the same time have
someone enclose themselves in a similar shop with a car or truck
running," one critic, Steve Hofman of Ripon, Calif., wrote to the
Modesto Bee. "Then let me know the results."
Cars do emit many significant pollutants that cows do not, and they
are responsible for more smog-forming emissions overall. But in a
region where many children suffer from asthma and officials issue
smog warnings on hot summer days, supporters of strong regulations
said the role of cows in emitting organic gases is no laughing matter.
"This is not some arcane dispute about cow gases," said Brent Newell,
an attorney for the Center on Race, Poverty & the Environment. "We
are talking about a public health crisis. It's not funny to joke about
cow burps and farts when one in six children in Fresno schools is
carrying an inhaler."
The dairy industry is growing fast in the San Joaquin Valley as farms
driven out of the Chino area in Southern California by urbanization
move into the Central Valley. Government officials estimate that over
the next several years, the number of cows in the San Joaquin air
basin will increase from 2.5 million to about 2.9 million.
Although air-quality officials now have a figure on the extent of the
cow pollution problem, it remained unclear how far they could push
dairies to reduce bovine emissions.
Most of the gases, scientists believe, come from the bovine digestive
process, which consists of constantly swallowing and regurgitating
food. This is known as rumination, or "chewing the cud," which
produces large amounts of gas.
Cow manure is also a major source of emissions and will probably be
targeted for regulation. Officials said they may also require dairies to
alter the food cows eat in order to reduce flatulence.
New dairies will be required to use the best available equipment to
curtail emissions. Existing dairies will face less-restrictive
requirements, but will also be forced to make changes to reduce cow
gases.
Possible measures include scraping manure from cow corrals more
frequently so it won't fester in the heat and installing digesters to
break down pollution in the lagoons where cow waste is later flushed.
"We need immediate regulation now. We know the pollutants are
coming off these dairies," said Tom Frantz, a native of Shafter, Calif.,
who heads a group called the Assn. of Irritated Residents. He says
that he developed asthma in the last five years as factory dairy farms
moved into the region. "Ag hasn't been regulated in the past, but
times are changing. Our lungs will not become an agricultural
subsidy."
Originally posted by arrakisWhy do comets' tails point away from the Sun?
Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicted that a certain comet would be passing very close to the sun. Naturally, they assumed that when it entered the sun's c ...[text shortened]... ay from the Earth's atmosphere the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
Originally posted by ivangriceComets are usually modeled as ``dirty snowballs''. A comet consists of a tiny nucleus with diameter less than 10km. The nucleus is made up of frozen gases and dust. When it approaches the Sun, some gases will be vaporized and an extended coma will then be produced. When it moves even closer to the Sun, the solar wind (charged particles ejected from the Sun) and the Sun's radiation pressure (See Chapter 11.) push the dust and gases of the comets away, this will result in a beautiful long tail. From this, we know why the comet tail is always pointing away from the Sun.
Why do comets' tails point away from the Sun?
http://www.physics.hku.hk/~nature/CD/regular_e/lectures/chap10.html
Edit: Too stupid to post a link...
Originally posted by arrakisWell I can assure you the comet did not pass through the
Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicted that a certain comet would be passing very close to the sun. Naturally, they assumed that when it entered the sun's c ...[text shortened]... ay from the Earth's atmosphere the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
corona unchanged. The astronomers of the day just didn't have
powerful enough scopes to see the surface well. The reason it
didn't just burn up is the corona is very thin. VERY thin. It would be
as good as a good vacuum on earth. So even though individual
atoms are at millions of degrees, there are not enough of them
to actually burn up a solid comet. That does not mean there
would have been no damage to the surface if you could have
had pictures of the before and after. It would have done SOME
damage but not like what the early astronomers thought.
The surface of the sun is not at 1,000,000 degrees like you say.
It is about 5700 degrees, very hot but not like a million.
We get 126 watts per square foot from the sun on top of our
atmosphere ( maybe 20 or 30 on the ground) but if you were
on the surface of the sun you could collect 57,000,000 watts per
square foot which be a bunch! I don't know why anyone would try
to say there is no heat radiated from the sun, all you have to do
is go outdoors and put out your hand and you can feel it. Of course
there is heat radiated by the sun, not only lots of heat but
astronomers can figure out which color has the most energy, which
is between green and orange on the spectrum.
One very early experiment which I though attributed to Newton but
was actually Bernoulli I think, was to take a prism which spreads the
colors of the sun out from red to blue and he put a thermometer
in each of the colors and noted which one gave the highest reading.
All well and good so far according to the knowledge of the time but
he did one more thing: he put the thermometer to the left of the
place where red came out and lo and behold, got a rise out of the
thermometer! That freaked everyone out because it showed there
was some kind of radiation that was not visible but was clearly
transmitting energy in measurable amounts, a simple mercury
bulb thermometer responded to it, thus proving there was more
to light than just the part we can see. So that pretty much blows
the theory there is no heat from the sun, those rays are what we
now call Infra-red, and there was energy beyond the blue end also
but it took longer to find it with the primitive instruments of centuries
back which we now call Ultra-violet. We now know ultra-violet
rays carry more energy wave for wave (quanta for quanta) as any
of the visible spectrum and infrared. The shorter the wavelength
the more energy each photon contains so when you get to x-rays,
they start to be very energetic indeed able to penetrate some heavy
stuff and then photons more energetic yet called Gamma radiation
or Cosmic rays. Some cosmic rays are actually atoms going like a
bat out of hell and some are weightless photons but wavelengths
shorter than an atom.
Originally posted by angie88Thank you Sweetie. 🙂 Yes, people give off heat but their auras don't. Every person is surrounded by an energy force known as an aura. It doesn't give off heat energy.
Nice.
But doesn't each individual give off heat? Or what else do you mean by aura?
And although I can follow the logic of this theory, I tend to find this one more plausible to explain why it becomes colder when you move away from earth:
http://lbs.hh.schule.de/klima/experimente/abb2.gif
mind you, only the left (yellow) part is of relevance right now.. ...[text shortened]... al error in it 😕
Oh well, but I like the idea... and I like the idea for the thread as well 😀
Originally posted by arrakisThis theory is disproved, by the fact that the infra radiation given off by the sun, can be detected outside our atmosphere.
Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicted that a certain comet would be passing very close to the sun. Naturally, they assumed that when it entered the sun's c ...[text shortened]... ay from the Earth's atmosphere the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
Originally posted by arrakisDo they do space walks when its sunny? [EDIT] And if not, then is it not because they'd burn up? Even though they are outside the atmosphere.
Here's one:
How hot is the sun, or is it hot at all?
The surface of the sun is thought to be 1,000,000 degrees, while the corona is rated near 6 million degrees.
But is this really true? Some 25 years ago, scientists had predicte ...[text shortened]... e the colder it becomes, instead of getting warmer and warmer). 😲
D
Originally posted by RagnorakThey don't do space walks when there are violent flares on the sun's surface. Doesn't have anything to do with "sunny" or heat. It's all about the radiation, which incidentally, does not mean heat radiation.
Do they do space walks when its sunny? [EDIT] And if not, then is it not because they'd burn up? Even though they are outside the atmosphere.
D
Originally posted by arrakisQuote 'http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005/arch05/00current.htm'
They don't do space walks when there are violent flares on the sun's surface. Doesn't have anything to do with "sunny" or heat. It's all about the radiation, which incidentally, does not mean heat radiation.
And nor does your link prove your theorum of auras. In fact it doesn't even mention them. All it it does is vaguely rubbish NASA for not knowing exactly what happened during the deep impact experiment. Ermmmm, it is a little hard to guess the outcome of such a rare event is it not? It appears to me that you are speaking jibberish and backing it up with more jibberish that is irrelevant. When spacemen do
spacewalks, they have to wear reflective suits to avoid being cooked alive by the IR electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sun. This occurs outside our atmosphere. please explain?