Originally posted by googlefudge
However there are also those who when they talk about being spiritual and spirituality are
talking about things like 'oneness with nature' or 'inner contentment' ect. Which does not
necessarily suppose or require the existence of any spirit or life force at all.
Is that version of spirituality simply to be said to be wrong, or can we have a definition of
spirituality that includes it as well?
For me, “spirituality” refers to the Reality that is prior to all of our conceptualizations, images, ideas, names and words about it—which are activities of philosophy (including epistemology, metaphysics generally, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion—and theology—etc.). That Reality includes us in the act of philosophizing.
Because no one has a “view from nowhere” from which to describe the whole of that Reality, and because of the recursive nature of our non-separability from it (even as I use such language), the wholeness of that Reality is ultimately ineffable. This is why I think that spiritual language is properly elicitive or evocative, not descriptive or propositional truth-claims—even that preceding sentence is not a claim about that Reality, but only a (philosophical) claim about an aspect of our own existential dilemma. This is why I think that music (sans lyrics) and perhaps spontaneous dance might be the best aesthetic (and elicitive/evocative) expressions; in language, poetry (including song) and such things as Zen koans.
As some of us are continually arguing on here, confusion often results when terms are transferred from one language game (ala Wittgenstein) to another—even though their usages in each language game may be quite valid and coherent. As you can see, I am distinguishing between the kind of language game that I think is proper to “spiritual” discourse from that which I see as proper to philosophical (and scientific) discourse.
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I don’t think the definitions you mention can be said to be wrong—and such usages of the word are pretty ancient, so I don’t think that “spiritualism” necessarily has any priority. For example, Gregory Hay, in the introduction to his translation of Marcus Aurelius
Meditations, has this commentary about Stoic usage of the word
pneuma (breath, wind or spirit—the word translated, for example, in the New Testament as “spirit” ):
“In its physical embodiment, the
logos [which, he notes, is to the Stoics “an actual substance that pervades the world” ] exists as
pneuma, a substance imagined by the earliest Stoics as pure fire, and by Chrysippus as a mixture of fire and air.
Pneuma is the power—the vital breath [though I think not limited to physical breathing here]—that animates animals and humans. It is, in Dylan Thomas’s phrase, ‘the force that through the green fuse drives the flower,’ and is present even in lifeless materials like stone or metal as the energy that holds the object together—the internal tension that makes a stone a stone. All objects are thus a compound of lifeless substance and vital force [no matter-energy equation in their day]. … When the object perishes, the
pneuma that animated it is reabsorbed into the
logos as a whole. This process of destruction and reintegration happens to individual objects at every moment. It also happens on a larger scale to the entire universe, which at vast intervals is entirely consumed by fire (a process known as
ekpyrosis) and then regenerated.”
—Brackets mine.
With all that said, I’d be happy for a better word than “spiritual” because of the understandings that blackbeetle points out, that are likely more prevalent than other usages. But then one might lose the understanding of those usages, which I believe are perfectly valid.