Originally posted by widget
I've heard of Einstein but I'm afraid I don't recognize these other folks.
Penzias, Arno Allan, 1933–, German-American physicist, b. Munich, Germany, Ph.D. Columbia Univ., 1962. He fled Nazi Germany with his family and after finishing school began work at Bell Telephone Laboratories. In 1964 he and colleague Robert Wilson began monitoring radio waves in the Milky Way galaxy with a radio telescope and discovered cosmic background radiation. Their discovery has been used as evidence in support of the “big bang” theory that the universe was created by a giant explosion billions of years ago (see cosmology). Penzias and Wilson shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics with Peter Kapitza.
George Smoot works in experimental astrophysics and observational cosmology at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory), where he has been since 1970. He is most famous for his research on the cosmic background radiation, thought to be the relic of the intense heat of the early Big Bang.
In April 1992, George Smoot made the announcement that the long sought variations in the early Universe had been observed by the COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer) DMR (Differential microwave radiometer) team that he led. NASA's COBE satellite mapped the intensity of the radiation from the early Big Bang and found variations so small they had be the seeds on which gravity worked to grow the galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and clusters of clusters seen in the universe today.
George Smoot's research group at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is titled the Cosmic Microwave Background Astrophysics Research Group.
P.S. Sorry from the copy and paste job. Staight from wikipedia.