Originally posted by FreakyKBH
[b]If God’s essence is agape (which I think is what John clearly says in his letter), then all of God’s attributes are conditioned by that essence—not the other way around.
That's compartmentalizing one aspect without consideration to any and all others. God is righteousness. God is justice. God is perfect. God is love. Many attributes to our one God.[/b]
No, Freaky, I think
that is the error. I could not find one instance in the OT or NT where it says God is righteous
ness, or holi
ness, or just
ice. Those are applied to God as aspects/attributes (adjectives, if you will); just as you stated that God is perfect, not perfect
ion—let’s call that a Freudian grammatical slip on your part (albeit a trivial one), relative to the point you’re trying to make.
Now, John does not give
agape as another attribute/aspect (adjective) of God. He says (twice, in 1st John 4:8 & 16):
ho theos agape estin.*
Theos and
agape are set in deliberate and explicit identification with one another by both being in the nominative case. In the same way, the gospel of John says that the Logos was God., with the same explicit nominative-case identification.
In orthodox (small “o” ) Trinitarian theology,**
logos is of one and the same substance/essence (
ousia) with
pater and
pneuma.*** Logos is hypostasized as
ho uios, the son.
pneuma is hypostasized as the Holy Spirit.
—In the West, hypostasis was translated as person, a translation which the Greeks accept, but with some discomfiture.
That substance/essence that the hypostases share is
agape. The substance/essence of God as
ho theos (divinity),
logos and
pneuma is
agape.**
A crude analogy: I am not tall and two-legged and dark-haired—and embodied. Those are attributes of my embodiment.
To make
agape just another aspect/attribute of God both: (1) misreads John at a fundamental level, and (2) in fact leads to the false compartmentalization of
agape. And that, as you would put it, leads to theological confusion.
To say: “God is love,
but God is also righteous”, is like saying: “You’re a two-legged creature,
but you’re also running.”
_____________________________________
Heavy footnotes:
* The
ho (“the” ) here can indicate emphasis (as in
this God[/i]), but is also used as a grammatical convention to indicate which word in the nominative case comes first in the phrase (the same for John 1:1).
Ho theos has also been translated as meaning “the one who is God.”
** A key to this Trinitarian understanding, which I am abbreviating severely here, lies in the dispute between East and West over the addition (in the West) of the
filioque, (in the 8th and 9th centuries) to the original version of the Nicene Creed, which the East has maintained.
pater is used, contextually, to refer to both the very Godhead of the tri-unity, and the hypostasis of God acting as creator / originator / begettor.
Another way to see it is that Christian theologians hypostasized the Stoic formula of
theos – logos – pneuma as
pater – uios – pneuma hagion.
***
pneuma and
ho theos are similarly identified in the nominative case in John 4:24