Originally posted by avalanchethecat
And I wasn't aware that quantum theory states that information cannot travel faster than light. Could you reference that please?
1 - In Physics the notions of information and energy are virtually interchangeable.
2 - In Physics there is the concept of group velocity and phase velocity. These are related concepts, but are calculated in different ways and can have different values for the same situation.
For instance non-monochromatic light traveling through a dispersive medium has different values of phase velocity and group velocity (this basically a ray of light composed of different frequencies going through a prism)
3- Phase velocity can be bigger than c but group velocity is always less than c. This is a rigorous mathematical result.
4 - The energy of a wave packet can also be shown to travel at a velocity that is equal to the group velocity.
Thus in QM information always travel at a velocity that is less than c.
The situation of the two particles with different spins doesn't fall on the realm of group velocity/phase velocity though. It is a hard problem that even today is being argued by a large number of prominent physicists. This is called the entanglement problem and the views range from being solved to not being a problem at all.
Being the normal way for me I argue on the basis this problem only arise if we stick to the notion that Fourier Analysis is the natural too to use when dealing with QM. A lot of people have used Wavelet methods in QM and in the context of wavelets the entanglement problem is very neatly solved.
I know a good reference that discusses all of this, but unfortunately it is in portuguese...