Originally posted by josephw
God speaks to us today through his word the bible. If anyone says otherwise they are dead wrong!
The phrase
logos tou Theou, generally translated as “word of God,” in the NT hardly ever refers to a written word (i.e., “scripture” ), but almost always to verbal teachings of Jesus and the apostles. Exceptions are Matthew 15:6 and Mark 7:13, where the phrase refers to statements in the Torah. (In Luke 3:2, it refers to John the Baptist.) The same holds for the phrase
logos tou kyriou, “word of the lord.” To be sure, these teachings are recorded in the NT.
Further, and theologically more important,
logos does not simply mean “word” (whether written or spoken), but is a much broader term that can mean pattern, principle, reason, thought, reckoning, meaning... In Chinese bibles, it is translated as Tao: the Way, the way things are manifest. The Greek word that strictly means word, or speech, or saying, is
rema.
In the first chapter of the Gospel of John,
logos refers to an aspect of God—perhaps wisdom (e.g., Proverbs 3:19) or the Christ (
ho Christos) as
logos incarnate or manifest in human form (without pursuing the theology here)—not scripture.
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The two NT passages that seem to generally be used to refer to “inspired scripture” are Second Timothy 3:16 and Second Peter 1:20, 21. These passages are addressed below—
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Second Timothy
NRS 2 Timothy 3:14 But as for you, continue in what you have learned and firmly believed, knowing from whom you learned it,
15 and how from childhood you have known the sacred writings that are able to instruct you for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.
16 All scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,
17 so that everyone who belongs to God may be proficient, equipped for every good work.
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This appears to be the only NT text in which the word
theopneustos, inspired or God-breathed, is found (or, at least, that I could find).
First of all, the ancient Greek texts have no punctuation, or differentiation between capital and lower-case letters, so the meaning partly derives from how it is punctuated.
Secondly, there is
no verb at all in verse 16 in the Greek.
Thirdly, the word
graphe in verse 16 just means “writing.” (The verb form is
grapho; the noun occurs some 33 times in the NT, where it refers to OT texts.)
Fourthly,
graphe refers back to
iera grammata, “sacred learning,” in verse 15—learning which the reader has known “from childhood,” and can only refer to the written Torah.
Therefore, verse 16 should be read as a continuation from 14 and 15—in a single continuous sentence, viz.—
“15 and how
from childhood you [2nd person singular: i.e., Timothy] have known the sacred teachings [learnings, letters of the alphabet] that are able to instruct you for salvation through confidence (
pisteos) in Christ Jesus, 16 all writing God-inspired and useful...etc., etc.”
It seems crystal clear that this passage refers to the Hebrew scriptures.
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Second Peter
NRS 2 Peter 1:20 First of all you must understand this, that no prophecy of scripture is a matter of one's own interpretation, 21 because no prophecy ever came by human will, but men and women moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.
Again,
graphe simply means writing. And “prophecy” (
prophetia) can mean any inspired message, declaration or utterance, or simply an intelligible message or proclamation.
Translating from the Greek—
“First, you must recognize that all prophecy-writing (
graphes) personal interpretation not has been, not certainly human desire has yielded prophecy at any time, but by means of the holy spirit are caused humans (
anthropoi) to speak.”
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The phrases “word of YHVH” (
dabar YHVH) in the OT, and “word of God” and “word of the Lord” in the NT refer to teachings, commands, principles, proclamations that are inspired by God. These sayings and teachings are certainly recorded in the texts.
But there is no clear authority in the biblical canon (nor in the apostolic tradition, so far as I know) for supposing that they refer to the texts themselves; or that they are inerrantly transcribed in the texts; or that the NT writers thought they were composing “sacred scripture”; or that the canonical collection should be treated as one self-interpreting single book of quasi single-authorship.
This seems to all be latter-day protestant doctrine* (e.g., post-Luther), based on rather loose interpretation of the biblical texts. I think that anyone who treats the biblical texts themselves as the
logos tou theou (especially if they mean
logos in the Johanine sense) is in danger of an idolatry of the “graven word.”
* Which is not to imply either that all protestants go there, or that
any use of the phrase "word of God" in respect to the Bible is
necessarily idolatrous: that depends on how one means it... There is a definite danger there, however.