04 May '11 06:56>
rwanda: human rights watch.
Within the first twenty-four hours after the plane crash, it was clear that Tutsi clergy
would be killed like any other Tutsi and, a day after that, it was evident that the
churches would be desecrated by slaughter carried out at the very altar. Still, four
days later, the Catholic bishops promised their “support to the new government.”
They asked all Rwandans to “respond favorably to calls” from the new authorities
and to help them realize the goals they had set, including the return of peace and
security. The bishops balanced the statement with a denunciation of troublemakers
and a request to the armed forces to protect everyone, regardless of ethnic group,
party or region.71 The statement was issued from the Vatican, where the first
synod of African bishops was beginning. The Rwandan bishops had been scheduled
to attend, but did not leave Rwanda because of the onset of violence.
As the slaughter continued, the bishops reportedly felt the need to temper their
early support of the government with criticism but were not allowed to broadcast
such a firm statement.72 On April 17, the bishops spoke again, but only to call for
an end to bloodshed for which they held both the RPF and the government
responsible. It was only a month later that four Catholic bishops, the Anglican
archbishop and other Protestant clergy took a stronger position, urging an end to
the war, massacres and assassinations. They “condemned all scandalous acts”
and,without explicitly denouncing the genocide, asked all Christians to refuse to
kill.73 With the hierarchy slow to take a clear stand against the genocide, many
local clergy, both Catholic and Protestant, gave tacit approval to the slaughter by
participating in security committee meetings.
By not issuing a prompt, firm condemnation of the killing campaign, church
authorities left the way clear for officials, politicians, and propagandists to asser
that the slaughter actually met with God’s favor. Sindikubwabo finished a speech by
assuring his listeners that God would help them in confronting the “enemy.”74 RTLM
announcer Bemeriki maintained that the Virgin Mary, said to appear from time to
time at Kibeho church, had declared that “we will have the victory.” In the same
vein, the announcer Habimana said of the Tutsi, “Even God himself has dropped
them.”75
Far from condemning the attempt to exterminate the Tutsi, Archbishop Augustin
Nshamihigo and Bishop Jonathan Ruhumuliza of the Anglican Church acted as
spokemen for the genocidal government at a press conference in Nairobi. Like
many who tried to explain away the slaughter, they placed the blame for the
genocide on the RPF because it had attacked Rwanda. Foreign journalists were so
disgusted at this presentation that they left the conference.76
Some clergy who might have been able to save lives refused to even try to do so.
On April 15 Abbé Pierre Ngoga, who had fled the Kibeho church after soldiers and
local people had begun massacring thousands of Tutsi there, called the Bishop of
Gikongoro. Abbé Ngoga asked him to rescue the Tutsi who had survived and faced
renewed attack. The bishop reportedly refused to help, saying that he had no
soldiers to accompany him to Kibeho and that the Tutsi had been attacked because
they had arms with them.77
Some clergy, Rwandan and foreign, turned away Tutsi who sought their protection,
whether from fear, from misjudgment of the consequences of their action, or from
desire to see them killed.78 In other cases, the clergy protected most who sought
refuge with them, but nonetheless sacrificed others. At the large Catholic church
center at Kabgayi, some 30,000 refugees gathered under the protection of the
Archbishop of Kigali, two bishops, and many clergy. Of that number, about 25,000
were Tutsi, 1,500 of whom would be extracted in small groups from the camps and
killed during the course of the genocide. In some cases, burgomasters or militia
leaders arrived to collect individuals from their communes to take them home to be
killed. In other cases, militia, soldiers, and National Police passed through the
crowds and chose persons to execute because they looked like members of the
elite. They also took women to rape and sometimes to kill afterwards. Shortly
before the arrival of the RPF, four soldiers and five militia members presented the
archbishop with a list of names of clergy and lay people whom they were seeking
because they had links with the “enemy.” The archbishop stood aside and allowed
the squad to search the rooms. The killers departed several hours later with sixteen
persons, seven religious brothers, four priests, one religious sister, and four lay
persons. The nun, Sister Benigna, an older Hutu who was known throughout the
region for her work with single mothers and orphans, was apparently battered to
death with a hammer. Her body was found in the woods next to the church center.79
Within the first twenty-four hours after the plane crash, it was clear that Tutsi clergy
would be killed like any other Tutsi and, a day after that, it was evident that the
churches would be desecrated by slaughter carried out at the very altar. Still, four
days later, the Catholic bishops promised their “support to the new government.”
They asked all Rwandans to “respond favorably to calls” from the new authorities
and to help them realize the goals they had set, including the return of peace and
security. The bishops balanced the statement with a denunciation of troublemakers
and a request to the armed forces to protect everyone, regardless of ethnic group,
party or region.71 The statement was issued from the Vatican, where the first
synod of African bishops was beginning. The Rwandan bishops had been scheduled
to attend, but did not leave Rwanda because of the onset of violence.
As the slaughter continued, the bishops reportedly felt the need to temper their
early support of the government with criticism but were not allowed to broadcast
such a firm statement.72 On April 17, the bishops spoke again, but only to call for
an end to bloodshed for which they held both the RPF and the government
responsible. It was only a month later that four Catholic bishops, the Anglican
archbishop and other Protestant clergy took a stronger position, urging an end to
the war, massacres and assassinations. They “condemned all scandalous acts”
and,without explicitly denouncing the genocide, asked all Christians to refuse to
kill.73 With the hierarchy slow to take a clear stand against the genocide, many
local clergy, both Catholic and Protestant, gave tacit approval to the slaughter by
participating in security committee meetings.
By not issuing a prompt, firm condemnation of the killing campaign, church
authorities left the way clear for officials, politicians, and propagandists to asser
that the slaughter actually met with God’s favor. Sindikubwabo finished a speech by
assuring his listeners that God would help them in confronting the “enemy.”74 RTLM
announcer Bemeriki maintained that the Virgin Mary, said to appear from time to
time at Kibeho church, had declared that “we will have the victory.” In the same
vein, the announcer Habimana said of the Tutsi, “Even God himself has dropped
them.”75
Far from condemning the attempt to exterminate the Tutsi, Archbishop Augustin
Nshamihigo and Bishop Jonathan Ruhumuliza of the Anglican Church acted as
spokemen for the genocidal government at a press conference in Nairobi. Like
many who tried to explain away the slaughter, they placed the blame for the
genocide on the RPF because it had attacked Rwanda. Foreign journalists were so
disgusted at this presentation that they left the conference.76
Some clergy who might have been able to save lives refused to even try to do so.
On April 15 Abbé Pierre Ngoga, who had fled the Kibeho church after soldiers and
local people had begun massacring thousands of Tutsi there, called the Bishop of
Gikongoro. Abbé Ngoga asked him to rescue the Tutsi who had survived and faced
renewed attack. The bishop reportedly refused to help, saying that he had no
soldiers to accompany him to Kibeho and that the Tutsi had been attacked because
they had arms with them.77
Some clergy, Rwandan and foreign, turned away Tutsi who sought their protection,
whether from fear, from misjudgment of the consequences of their action, or from
desire to see them killed.78 In other cases, the clergy protected most who sought
refuge with them, but nonetheless sacrificed others. At the large Catholic church
center at Kabgayi, some 30,000 refugees gathered under the protection of the
Archbishop of Kigali, two bishops, and many clergy. Of that number, about 25,000
were Tutsi, 1,500 of whom would be extracted in small groups from the camps and
killed during the course of the genocide. In some cases, burgomasters or militia
leaders arrived to collect individuals from their communes to take them home to be
killed. In other cases, militia, soldiers, and National Police passed through the
crowds and chose persons to execute because they looked like members of the
elite. They also took women to rape and sometimes to kill afterwards. Shortly
before the arrival of the RPF, four soldiers and five militia members presented the
archbishop with a list of names of clergy and lay people whom they were seeking
because they had links with the “enemy.” The archbishop stood aside and allowed
the squad to search the rooms. The killers departed several hours later with sixteen
persons, seven religious brothers, four priests, one religious sister, and four lay
persons. The nun, Sister Benigna, an older Hutu who was known throughout the
region for her work with single mothers and orphans, was apparently battered to
death with a hammer. Her body was found in the woods next to the church center.79