Hello all. I would like to present as much of an traditional Christian perspective on this as I can.
Why we believe in hell.
I. Hell is referenced in very familiar terms in Revelation 21:8:
But the cowardly, the unbelieving, the vile, the murderers, the sexually immoral, those who practice magic arts, the idolaters and all liars—they will be consigned to the fiery lake of burning sulfur. This is the second death.”
II. But, much more importantly than this, it is referenced by Christ in several places, in a more figurative manner but insistent on its eternity, as in Matthew 25:46:
“Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.”
And in a more direct manner and in reference into a more physical manner in Matthew 13:50:
and throw them into the blazing furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
Mark 9:43 has Christ talking about Hell as the place where the fire 'never goes out.' Matthew 25:41 has Christ using a parable of goats and sheep, talking about some segment of the people being sent to hell.
III. St. Peter and others give us developed ideas of hell as well. St. Peter even talks about the fallen angels being chained to hell by God. This is a concept of ideas that is not even dealt with that much in the Old Testament, but it really is a glimpse into the ideas that early Christians had about hell -- there is a very rich amount of largely unwritten concepts & traditions about hell, the angels, Satan, and others.
2 Peter 2:4:
For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but sent them to hell, putting them in chains of darkness to be held for judgment;
Do note that Matthew 25:41 also invovles hell as the place for the Devil and his angels. Again, words of Christ.
2 Thessalonians 1:9 has Paul talking about hell as an eternal event as well.
IV. The Book of Daniel, in the Old Testament, speaks also of heaven and hell.
And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.
(Daniel 12:2)
The book of Daniel is particularly rich for its prophecies, and indeed, one could say that this was a very important foreshadowing of the far more cultivated concepts of heaven and hell that we saw above in the NT.
What is hell?
I was taught by an Orthodox Christian sister, who has dedicated her life to Christ and taught me so much directly from the very rich Greek tradition and fills in for the role of one of the only former deaconesses, that a lot of things like heaven and hell cannot be explained in earthly terms.
Just as how an Amazonian tribesman would have no idea what to say and how to describe downtown New York City to his fellows if he was shortly shown it and brought back withotu robust explanation, so, too, is heaven & hell, and thus it is not necessarily appropriate for us to think of it in the most literal of terms and explanations that are provided to us. However, there are reasons why i tis described as fire, sulfur, a furnace, etc.
We have visions of what hell is like from some of the Saints. The most common ideas that we hear is that the real punishment of hell is being cut off from God (this is directly referenced in the Bible), and, moreover, we hear this advanced concept of the Final Judgment where God comes to Earth and his light & love shines forth, and to those who have done well it is a light of joy and radiating love, and to those who have rejected God, it is the fire of shame and burns through them.
We have also heard consistently from Saints and others that hell is defeined not just by being cut off from God but also by being cut off from all other entities; a vision we are given is one where no matter what direction you turn you only see the backs of other weepers & sufferers.
Spirits
Traidtional Christians believe in demons, angels, and the eternal soul, and believe that th ewhole of the world around us is impregnated with all of that.
Indeed, there is a cloud of witnesses around us -- this is said in Hebrews 12:1.
Christians believe in "occasionalism," that God is in everything, that the Holy spirit is in us, that the spirits abound, and that God is in our communion.
We believe that our prayers bring us graces and our faith animates our life. We believe that nefarious influences tempt us, and prayer is a weapon for us to do "spiritual warfare" -- see Ephesians 6:10-17:
10 Finally, be strong in the Lord and in his mighty power. 11 Put on the full armor of God, so that you can take your stand against the devil’s schemes. 12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.13 Therefore put on the full armor of God, so that when the day of evil comes, you may be able to stand your ground, and after you have done everything, to stand. 14 Stand firm then, with the belt of truth buckled around your waist, with the breastplate of righteousness in place, 15 and with your feet fitted with the readiness that comes from the gospel of peace. 16 In addition to all this, take up the shield of faith, with which you can extinguish all the flaming arrows of the evil one. 17 Take the helmet of salvation and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God.
Note that here "heavenly realms" literally just refers to the skies of the earth and nto to heaven specifically, or else it would have been Heaven. Thus, the world is thought of as pregnant with eivl, the skies themselves full of it; there are scholarly works that discuss how this concept was present even in Greek pagan thought.
CONCLUSION:
There's so much more that goes into this...
But, the gist of it is clear:
- Christians believe in Heaven & Hell;
- Christians believe in good & evil angels and spirits;
- Christians believe in a "cloud of witnesses" around us and literal evil forces that are in the heavens.
- Christians believe in demonic possession as Christ cast out demons just as such.
Christian traditions have always beleived these things, whether Protestant, Catholic or Orthodox, and only until recently have heresies been developed which reject these fundamental truths.
Indeed, very FEW heresies ever existed before now that dealt with these terms of dismissing all of this.
A traditional Christian recognizes evil and evil's affects, recognizes heaven and hell as real thing, and is waging spiritual warfare to keep himself aright.
I do not think other interpretations are correct, and I am very happy that Christians of many sects all share these basic beliefs.